E. N. Georgousopoulou, G. Kouli, C. Kastorini, D. B. Panagiotakos, C. Pitsavos
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as a cluster of factors that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Its prevalence is rapidly increasing in Europe within the last decade, but to the best of our knowledge, there is no clear picture regarding its impact in Greece, while several definitions are being used to diagnose MetS presence. Moreover, there is no prospective data concerning the role of MetS in CVD risk for the Greek population. Thus, this review aimed to investigate which would be the most appropriate criteria for MetS diagnosis in Greeks, as well as to further explore the spectrum of MetS concerning CVD and their association to the adherence to the Mediterranean Diet through available epidemiologic evidence in Greece. Based on the Attica study results, prevalence of Metabolic syndrome (MetS) varied from 20% to 51% according to definition used. Only the NCEP ATPIII revised definition highlighted that the MetS was significantly associated with CVD risk. After adjusting for several confounders each 1/55 increase in the MedDietScore, was associated with 3% lower risk for CVD incidence.
Keywords: metabolic syndrome, mediterranean diet, cardiovascular disease, risk factors