V. Kotsis, C. Antza, S Stabouli
Abstract
The process of atherosclerosis is closely linked to cardiovascular disease, and it seems to begin from early childhood and adolescence. In this review article, we discuss the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, the non-invasive methods of measurement of subclinical arterial damage, as well as the prevalence of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors in order to prevent or treat early stages of atherosclerosis in children and adolescents.
Keywords: atherosclerosis, risk factors, cardiovascular disease, children, adolescents